Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development

The Effect of Steeping Water Temperature Of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum Burmannii) and Steeping Time With Test Time on the Glycemic Response of Diabetic Rats

Ariko Targinta Tarigan — 2023-08-13

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a disease in which the body is unable to metabolize fats, proteins and carbohydrates which is characterized by high blood glucose levels or commonly known as hyperglycemia. Until 2019, 10.9 million DM cases were found in Indonesia and are suspected of continuing to increase. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum Burmannii) has several active ingredients vizcoumarin, cinnamat, cinnamaldehid, polyphenols and flavonoid can increase glucose transport by GLUT 4 in adipose cells and skeletal muscles so as to significantly reduce blood glucose. Thus, cinnamon has the potential to be a useful product for the community, namely a diabetes herbal medicine. The purpose of this research was to determine the ratio of the temperature of the cinnamon steeping water with the duration of steeping on the glycemic response of diabetic rats.

This research uses Completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors, namely the first factor (P): steeping water temperature (65^oC, 75^oC, and 85^oC) and brewing time (20 minutes, 25 minutes and 30 minutes) and the second factor (L): test time (30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes and 120 minutes). This study also carried out control (-) and control (+) as a preliminary study to determine the glycemic response in test animals. Each treatment will be repeated 3 times to obtain 33 experimental units. The parameters analyzed were blood sugar levels, the percentage (%) increase in blood sugar levels, and the percentage (%) decrease in blood sugar levels.

The results showed that temperature of the cinnamon steeping water (Cinnamomum Burmannii) and the duration of brewing can reduce the blood sugar levels of mice every time the test is carried out. The best treatment was obtained from the ratio of the temperature of the steeping water and the duration of steeping, namely 65 ^oC and brewing time for 25 minutes, determined based on the percentage decrease in blood sugar level, which is equal to 53,02%.

Discomfort of pregnant women on the quality sleep of third trimester pregnant women

Ulty Desmarnita — 2023-08-13

Background: Physical changes in the third trimester of pregnancy will appear due to physiological changes and psychological changes that cause discomfort. This uncomfortable condition causes sleep disturbances in the mother. Objective: To determine the relationship between discomfort in pregnancy and the quality of sleep of third trimester pregnant women at the Makasar Health Center. Method: This was a descriptive analytic study and a cross sectional study design. Determination of the number of samples using the sample size application resulted in 40 samples of pregnant women in the third trimester. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. When the study was conducted in September-November 2020. The research instrument used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality (PSQI) questionnaire with cronbach alpha 0.83 and the cronbach alpha 0.86 physical discomfort disorder questionnaire was tested for validity with r-count> 0.367. Data were processed by crosstab and analyzed by Chi-square. Results: Most of the respondents experienced discomfort (66.7%) and experienced poor sleep quality (70.0%). The association between pregnancy discomfort and sleep quality of third trimester pregnant women with a p value of 0.030. Conclusion: There is a relationship between discomfort in pregnancy and the quality of sleep in the third trimester of pregnant women. Recommendation: From this research, it is hoped that it can be used as input for health workers, especially nursing, to provide education on how to reduce pregnancy discomfort and good sleep quality in third trimester pregnant women.

Formulation & Development of Transdermal Spray of Turmeric Lemongrass as Antifungal

Shirke Divya — 2023-08-13

The study aims to find out the effectiveness of the combination of citral and curcumin as antifungal compounds. Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) is a valuable family of grass known due to its flavoring, medicinal, and fragrance application. Haldi (Turmeric) scientifically known as Curcuma longa belongs to familthey Zingiberaceae. Its polyphenolic compound curcumin has been showing a variety of antifungal investigations due to extensive traditional uses and very low side effects.Turmeric has beenutilized in traditional medicine for various diseases counting diabetes, hepatitis, hemorrhoids, hysteria, indigestion, skin disease, inflammation, anorexia, hepatic disorders, cough, and sinusitis. In this formulation substudy combination of two bioactive oils is considered to form an effective antifungal spray preparation. The spray preparation is helpful to achieve fast absorption of the drugs through the transdermal way of drug administration. The effectiveness and activity rate of spray preparation is more beneficial. Lemongrass oil and curcumin are dissolved in ethanol to form a stable, safe, and effective spray formulation.

Development of New Sensitive Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Famciclovir Using 3-Amino Phenol

N. Raghavendra Babu — 2023-08-13

Development of Co-Crystallization Technique to Improve Solubility of Anti-Diabetic Drug

Ninad S. Burkhande — 2023-08-13

Co-crystallization is a useful crystal engineering approach for changing the physiochemical and structural characteristics of drug crystals. Pharmaceutical co-crystals are nonionic supramolecular complexes that can be utilized in pharmaceutical development to change physiochemical qualities including solubility, stability, and bioavailability without changing the chemical makeup of API. Canagliflozin Hemihydrate is a anti-diabetic drug. Canagliflozin belongs to class IV drug in BCS classification. i.e. low solubility and low permeability. The major problem of this class drug is it slow solubility in biological fluids,which results into poor bioavailability after oral administration. The purpose of this study was to prepare pharmaceutical co-crystals ofCanagliflozin to enhance solubility and dissolution rate by using co-crystallization technique. The co-former used inthis study is Thiourea. The Optimized co-crystal was characterized by FTIR, XRPD, SEM and other pharmaceutical properties like solubility and melting point were alsoevaluated.

Formulation and Evaluation of Microspheres for Colon Targeted Drug Delivery Using Anthelminthics Drugs

Tushar Kumar G. Ingle — 2023-08-13

The objective of this study was to develop sustained release microspheres for colon-targeted drug delivery system to enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic side effects. The controlled and prolonged release of drugs in the colon can significantly improve the treatment outcomes for various colon-related diseases. Microspheres, small spherical particles with sizes ranging from 1 to 1000 micrometers, were formulated using biodegradable polymers and natural materials to ensure biocompatibility and controlled drug release. The formulation process involved the selection of appropriate polymers, such as poly lactic acid and polyglycolic acid, and the incorporation of the drug within the microspheres. Various techniques, including solvent evaporation, coacervation, and spray drying, were employed to prepare the microspheres with the desired drug-loading efficiency and particle size distribution.The formulated microspheres were extensively evaluated to assess their suitability for sustained release colon-targeted drug delivery. Evaluation parameters included drug encapsulation efficiency, particle size distribution, surface morphology and in vitro.In vitro drug release studies were conducted using simulated gastrointestinal fluids to mimic the conditions in the gastrointestinal tract. The sustained release microspheres exhibited controlled drug release over an extended period, specifically in the colon region. This sustained release profile was achieved by optimizing the polymer composition and formulation parameters, which allowed for the gradual degradation of the microspheres and subsequent release of the drug.

A current Research on the Green Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles from Herbal Extract

Tejashree Patil — 2023-08-13

Role of Jalokaavacharana in the Management of Varicose Veins (Sirajgranthi)- A Case Study

Wasim Kazi — 2023-08-13

When a vein becomes dilated, elongated and tortuous, the veins is said varicose. The common sight of varicosity are superficial venous system of lower limb effecting either long or short saphenous veins, oesophageal varices, varicosity of haemorrhoidal veins, varicosity of spermatic veins. Generally varicose veins are compared with sirajgranthi according to Ayurveda. Acharya Sushruta had described various types of granthi and its various treatment modalities among them jalaukaavacharana is one of them. Sushruta had given special chapter related to jalauka in which he had described the types, nomenclature, specific qualities of each types of jalauka, their method to apply and detach and how to do vamana of jalauka. Acharya charak also described jalauka as best amongst all anushashtras. Jalaukapossesessheet guna in nature and on the basis of sign and symptoms varicose veins can be correlated with sirajgranthi. In this case study a 36- year old woman of bilateral varicose veins was treated successfully and found symptomatic relief.

Ayurvedic Management of Ashmari – A Single Case Study

Damini Parmar — 2023-08-13

Since ancient times Ashmari is mentioned in Ayurvedic texts. Ashmari is a disease related to the urinary system (Mutravahasrotas). Mutrashmari is described under Asthamahagad (difficult to cure) in Ayurveda. It possesses symptoms such as Jwara (Fever), Basti Pida (Discomfort and pain in the bladder), Aruchi (Anorexia), Mutrakriccha(Difficulty in micturition), Bastishira Vedana (Pain in Urethra), Mushka Vedana (Pain in testicles) and Shepha Vedana (Pain in the penis) have been described in Ayurvedic classical texts.

A 34-year-old female patient visited OPD, with complaints of pain in the right side of the Abdomen, Burning Micturition, Nausea and Vomiting. The USG reported calculus measuring 16-17mm in right upper ureter 5mm in lower calyx of right kidney and few tiny 3-4 mm in right kidney 5-4 mm in Left kidneywith the normal functioning of vitals. The patient was treated with Chandraprabha Vati 2 BD, GokshuradiGuggulu 2 BD, Gokshurchurna +Punarnava churnaand Hajrulyahoodbhasma BD on OPD basis. The patient was advised initially follow up after 7 days and later after every 15 days. Along with medication, the patient was also advised to follow diet and lifestyle restrictions. The patient got relief in signs and symptoms and the USG report showed size of calculus decrease and some small calculi expelled.

A Case Study of Agnikarma Therapy in the Management of Gridhrasi w.s.r. to Sciatica

Divyabahen S. Ninama — 2023-08-13

Gridhrasi is a Shulpradhana Nanatmaja Vatavyadhi. According to Acharya Charaka, Stambha (stiffness), Ruka (pain), Toda (pricking sensation) and Spandana (twitching) are the signs and symptoms of Vataja Gridhrasi. Aruchi (anorexia), Tandra (drowsiness) and Gaurava (heaviness) are the additional symptoms of Vatakaphaja Gridhrasi. Sciatica is a major cause of illness among the working population in a developing country.It starts from hip and gradually comes down to waist, back, thigh, knee, shank and foot and affects these parts with stiffness, distress, piercing pain and with frequent quivering.In Ayurveda science, various modalities of treatment are explained for the management of Gridhrasi. Agnikarma Chikitsa is said to be superior.In modern medicine for the management of sciatica various modalities are available such as Conservative treatment, Epidural steroid injection, Peri-radicular infiltration and Surgical treatment.Purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of Agnikarma therapy performed by Panch Dhatu Shalaka (five types of metals) in case of Sciatica. After giving Agnikarma sitting, we have got marked improvement in symptoms of Sciatica and also found moderately improvement in various clinical examinations of Sciatica like SLR, Cross SLR, Local tenderness etc.

Ayurvedic management of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome with Agnikarma – A Case Report

Dhruval Padadharia — 2023-08-13

Carpal tunnel syndrome is an entrapment neuropathy caused by compression of median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel i.e., the space between the carpal bones posteriorly and the flexor retinaculum anteriorly. The compression can be caused by skeletal abnormalities, swelling of other tissues within the tunnel or thickness of the retinaculum. The condition is common in middle aged women at the menopause. In younger patients the cause may be rheumatoid disease, pregnancy or tenosynovitis. It is a condition that causes pain, numbness, tingling, and weakness in the hand and wrist. Carpal tunnel syndrome has fast growing annual incidence rate of 5 to 50 per Ten thousand populations. Modern treatment for this condition includes injecting hydrocortisone into flexor sheaths at the carpal tunnel, wearing cock-up splint and longitudinal division of the flexor retinaculum. On the basis of structures involved and features of carpal tunnel syndrome this condition can be correlated with Snayugata Vata Vikara which affects tendons ligaments and nerve. Sushruta has advised Agnikarma for disorders of snayu (ligaments and tendons), asthi (bone), siddhi (joints) etc. Hence, in this study a case of carpel tunnel syndrome (snayugatavata) was treated by Agnikarma, along with administration of Navajivana Rasa orally, for a period of 04 weeks. This combination therapy provided considerable relief in pain and tingling sensation of wrist.

Application of Nimbadi Ointment after Chhedankarma in the Management of Gudavidradhi-A Case Study

Varsha R. Sharma — 2023-08-13

Phenomena of vidradhi formation is due to vitiation of dosha resides in asthi and spreads and vitiates to the twacha, rakta, mamsa, meda and gradually reformed into excessively severe inflammatory swelling, which is maha-mulam (deep rooted), rujavantam (severe painful) vruttam (round) or aayatam (elongated in shape) that is calledvidhradhi¹. In case of pei-anal abscess, originates from an infection arising in the crypto glandular epithelium lin-ing of the anal canal spreading into adjacent space and resulting in fistulas 40% of cases. Sheegravidahitvat definition of Vidradhi means virulence of disease. Acharya Sushruta mentions that if vidradhi attains pakvaavastha, the first line of treatment is to drain the pus through bhedana and later, it should be treated as Vrana. In the present context, a 52 years old male suffering from left sided gluteal abscess was admitted and treated with surgical incision and drainage This case ofanal abscess (gudavidradhi) so,application of nimbadi ointment after bhedankarma (incision and drainage) is the line of treatment.

A Single Case Study of Cupping Therapy in AVABAHUK (Frozen Shoulder).

Sonal Panchal — 2023-08-13

Pain has been described by the International Association for the Study of Pain as “an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage”. Shoulder pain is one of the most common health problems encountered in the general population.Shoulder pain is a common symptom, in especially in office workers. In developed countries, approximately twothirds of people experience shoulder pain. This disorder occurs most frequently in the middle-aged population and more often in females than in males. A majority of the acute shoulder sufferers obtain spontaneous relief within days or weeks, although approximately 10% of acute shoulder pain suffers experience the condition as chronic or persistent. Conventional treatments such as medications and surgery were not always effective, and may have serious adverse effects.

Frozen shoulder is a chronic aseptic inflammation caused by injury and degeneration of shoulder capsule and periarthritic soft tissue (including ligaments, muscles, tendons, synovial sacs, etc.). [i]Cupping is gaining popularity in physical medicine due to its ease of use, lack of side effects, and pain relief. This study looked at the efficacy of cupping therapy for treating shoulder pain. Cupping therapy (CT) is a traditional Chinese medical (TCM) treatment which has been practiced for thousands of years. The World Health Organization’s (WHO) definition of cupping is a therapeutic method involving the application of suction by creating a vacum. This is typically done using fire in a cup or jar on the dermis of the affected part of the body.[ii]

In this case study a patient diagnosed with AVABAHUK (Frozen Shoulder) was treated with a WET CUPPING THERAPY. After completion of cupping therapy significant relief was observed in symptoms.

Inspections – Key Role in Quality of Medicines

Manan Shah — 2023-08-13

Global patients depend on medications for their specific purposes. These drugs are manufactured both domestically and internationally. Regardless of where they are manufactured, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) plays a pivotal role in the United States, regulating drugs, biologics, and devices by not only scrutinizing each marketing holder's application but also guaranteeing that the product's manufacturer complies with current good manufacturing practices (cGMP). This ensures that the product's quality is consistent and is manufactured securely for its intended use.

A Review for Gastro - Retentive Drug Delivery System

Rutuja Patole — 2023-08-13

Inadequate pharmacokinetic properties may be connected with the widespread use of oral dose forms in disease treatment. Because of the formulation's rapid transit through the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), it can be challenging to achieve therapeutic levels of the medicine in specific situations when it is barely soluble; In addition, some medications must work locally due to a gastric disease, although they only last a short period in the stomach. Numerous studies have been done to identify formulations that can enhance all of these characteristics while extending stomach residence time. Many orally delivered medications advantageous for from the extended stomach retention time provided by gastroretentive controlled drug delivery systems.With a focus on current methods for extending stomach residence duration, the study's objective was to examine, gather, and present the preceding and contemporary literatures in a shorter format. The current review briefly discusses the need for GRDDS., Pharmaceutical importance’s of GRDDS, Physiology of stomach, Stomach functionalities, Approaches of GRDDS, factors controlling gastric retention, advantages , disadvantages, Method of preparation of Gastro-retentive Multiparticulate system, Polymeric material in gastroretentive formulations, Evaluation of Gastroretentive dosage form, comparsion between Conventional and Gastroretentive drug delivery system.

A Detailed Review on Diabetic Wound Healing Activity

Raman S. Bhopale — 2023-08-13

Skin damage is known as a wound. Hemostasis, inflammatory, proliferative, and tissue remodelling or resolution are the four perfectly timed and highly planned phases that make up the normal biological process of wound healing in the human body. There are two basic categories of wounds: acute wounds and chronic wounds. Long-term negative effects on one's health are caused by the chronic metabolic condition known as diabetes mellitus, which is becoming more common. 25 percent of those with diabetes mellitus are thought to have poor wound healing due to their diabetes. Oxygenation, infection, hormones related to ageing and sex, stress, diabetes, and obesity, drugs, alcoholism, smoking, and diet are among the factors that affect wound healing. To address their basic medical needs, According to estimates, 80% of people who live in underdeveloped nations need traditional medicines, which are typically made from medicinal plants. Numerous individuals in Africa and other poor nations employ using medicinal herbs to cure diabetic wounds and associated issues due to the abundant supply With therapeutic herbs and enough conventional wisdom regarding wounds healing. Recent developments in functional genomics, nanotechnology, wound healing in diabetics, along with a better knowing the pathophysiology of chronic wounds. In the following review, detailed information about healing of diabetic wounds with mechanism, factors affecting, impairment of wound healing with its pathophysiology, herbal treatments and current advances when treating diabetic wounds are examined.

An Overview on Novel Drug Delivery System of Microsphere and its Types, Materials, Method of Preparation

Varda Joshi — 2023-08-13

Today, there is a lot of interest in medication delivery systems based on microspheres. Microspheres can be created using both natural and artificial polymers and are typically free-flowing powders. The microspheres' diameters range from 1 to 1000 m. In microspheres, the medicine is evenly spread, dissolved, or suspended in a matrix system. Drugs that are either solid or liquid are dissolved or disseminated in a matrix system in microspheres. The current review gives a thorough overview of recent and innovative advancements on microsphere forms that have been claimed to boost bioavailability, improve stability, lengthen biological half-life, and lessen drug toxicity. Many different proteins and peptide compounds can be delivered effectively by microsphere. Microspheres come in a variety of forms, including bioadhesive, magnetic, polymeric, floating, and floating microspheres. In order to create microspheres, a variety of techniques are employed, including simple emulsion-based, double emulsion-based, interfacial deposition, interfacial polymerisation, phase separation, and spray drying. Through a variety of delivery methods, including oral, topical, naso-pulmonary, and gene therapy, microspheres administer the medication in a regulated manner. Due to their ability to encapsulate a variety of medications, biocompatibility, high bioavailability, and continuous drug release nature, polymeric based microspheres serve as ideal carriers for several controlled delivery applications. As a result, by creating novel procedures, it can increase therapeutic results and enhance drug safety. The development of microspheres has been linked to improvements in the drug's stability, bioavailability, biological half-life, and toxicity.

Pharmaceutical Carrier’s for Topical Drug Delivery System

Prasanthi D — 2023-08-13

Beginning with a revenue breakdown of this specific market, this study seeks to describe the intricate world of drug carriers. A quick introduction of various different types of traditional and cutting-edge drug carrier systems is provided in the section that follows.Avariety of topical active substances, such as sunscreen ingredients, corticosteroids, and antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral agents, can be delivered via foam technology. Ointments are semisolids used for external skin or mucous membrane treatment. Less than 20% of them often contain water and volatiles. Targeted medication delivery to and through the skin has a lot of potential using nano systems like micro emulsions and nano emulsions. By lowering surface and inter facial tension and increasing the viscosity of the aqueous phase, nanoemulgel improves a stable nano emulsion formulation. The various carrier types that the authors used in their formulation and conclusion have been added as a final effort for this work, highlighting the need to establish a strong double link between the newly developed industrial processes and the flexibility of medication delivery systems that is so desperately neededfor use with people.

Registration of Import License for IVD’S In India.

Inamdar Yashashri M — 2023-08-13

India is a huge market for medical devices and is constantly increasing last few years. The registration certificate and import license is mandatory for manufacturer of India who wishes to import any medical device in India. Indian Agent authorized by CDSCO is required for registering the medical device in India. Duly filled Form MD-14 is required to be submitted for import license registration and license obtained will be in Form MD-15. The review focuses on the regulations concerned to the registration procedures import for new medical device in India with latest amendments in the regulation concerned.

A Comprehensive Review on Transdermal Delivery of Nanosponges

Raut Poonam — 2023-08-13

The field of innovative medication delivery has greatly benefited from nanotechnology and miniaturisation, which have also transformed the potential in the current healthcare industry. The design of nano-scale drug carriers using various nanotechnology-based approaches for the delivery of lipophilic drug molecules is the current trend in novel drug delivery-based research. Nanotechnology and miniaturisation, which have also changed the possibilities in the contemporary healthcare business, have tremendously helped the field of inventive medicine distribution. Targeting medication distribution in a regulated manner is made possible in large part by NSs. The use of NSs, its preparation, and assessment have all been covered in this review paper. The healthcare industry is seeing encouraging results from a variety of nanosponges formulations, including parenteral, topical, oral, and inhalation, which offer enormous promise for future development and study.

Recent Update on Topical Drug Delivery Systems: Emulgel

Kajal T. Lilhare — 2023-08-13

Emulgel is an emerging topical drug delivery system that, if more effort is devoted to its formulation and development with more topically active drugs, will prove to be a boon to skin care and cosmetology. Emulgels are both O/W or W/O emulsions which might be gelled with the aid of mixing with a gelling agent. Incorporating the emulgel increases its stability and makes it controlled release system. Due to the lack of excess oil bases and insoluble excipients, it exhibits better drug release compared to other topical drug delivery systems. The presence of the gel phase makes it non-greasy and promotes good affected person cooperation. Those reviews provide knowledge approximately Emulgel such as its properties, benefits, formulations and its current research advances. All elements consisting of the choice of gelling agent, oil agent, emulsifiers affecting the stability and effectiveness of Emulgel are discussed. All rationales are defined in accordance with study conducted via numerous scientists. After anin depth examine, it could be concluded that Emulgels appear to be a better and greater effective drug delivery system compared to other topical drug delivery systems. A complete analysis of the rheological and release properties will offer insight into the capacity use of the Emulgel formulation as a drug delivery System.

Remote Monitoring In Clinical Trial – A Guide for Healthcare Professionals

Sudhakar Pachiappan — 2023-08-13

Remote monitoring is a key step in clinical research that produces reliable, high-quality, and scientifically sound data from clinical studies. According to ICH-GCP, the sponsor has the responsibility for preserving the monitoring of data for the continuing trials. Due to the development of remote monitoring, the monitoring of the trials has become fairly simple for the CRA (a person assigned by the sponsor to monitor the ongoing trials). The primary benefit of remote monitoring is that it speeds up the on-time completion of work by reducing the time required for final trial reports output. It significantly lowers the sponsor's travel costs. Reducing the time between site monitoring enhances the accuracy and timeliness of study data and increases the safety of human subjects participating in a clinical trial. By using the secure off-site electronic health records access is currently utilized for clinical care, and also used to validate the source documentation. This article provides an overview of the offsite monitoring processes involved and standards adopted in remote monitoring.

Overview on Niosome

Kapse Sanket — 2023-08-13

Pharmaceutical such achemicals can be administered locally to sick locations using target-specific drug-delivery devices.Some of the carriers used in various drug delivery techniques includesynthetic polymers, serum proteins, and immune globulins, liposomes, and microspheres. Niosomes' vesicular system, which features a bilayer structure made possible by nonionic surfactants, has the capacity to extend the time that a medicine is accessible in a specific region .Capturing hydrophilic molecules in niosomes or lipophilic medicines is enhanced by their amphiphilic character. To keep the niosomes' structure rigid, additional chemicals like cholesterol can be added. The key features of niosomes, such as their structural components, production methods, limitations, and current applications to a range of the narrative review mentions disorders briefly.

Marine Drugs: A Review

Muskan Gupta — 2023-08-13

As all of usrecognizebecause ofbigimprovement of the sectorpopulacenumerouspresentreassets of the drug are diminishing and drug builders and producers are looking at for the brand newsources to increase new capsuleswhich aresecure and valuepowerful and effectively meet the growingcall for of world.Marine pharmacognosy gives the scope for studies on thosecapsules on marine origin. As we know marine monographs are very less compared to herbal monographs. Therefore an attempt has been made to explore knowledge on marine pharmacognosy. This assessmentspecializes in marine sources, type of drug molecule of marine organism, numerous marine tabletswith inside themarketplace and strategies to extract numerous biomolecules from seafood waste.

Preventive Mechanism, Therapeutic Property,Pharmacokinetics And Benefitsof Asiatic Acid - A Triterpenoid Of Centella Asiatica In Alzheimer Disease: An In-Depth Review

Sudipta Chakraborty — 2023-08-13

Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains the most prevalent form of age-related dementia worldwide, and it has no cure. Memory loss, difficulty communicating, depression, agitation, mood swings, and psychosis all develop gradually in this disorder. Reduced physical activity, infection, smoking, and the prevalence of diseases like obesity and diabetes all pose a risk for the development of AD. Current synthetic medications only alleviate symptoms by targeting a single molecule, so they can't deal with the complex pathogenesis of AD. The scientific community is actively working to characterise therapeutic agents derived from plants that have shown promise in the literature in treating AD due to their perceived efficacy, safety, and availability. Traditional Chinese medicine includes the use of the plant Centella asiatica for its purported benefits to cognitive performance and memory. Pentacyclic triterpenes are largely responsible for its therapeutic and medicinal effects, which include accelerated enhanced memory. These pentacyclic triterpenoids are asiaticoside and madecassoside as saponins and their aglycones, asiatic acids and madecassic acids. Amongst other triterpenoid Asiatic acid has several therapeutic properties against AD like anti-cholinesterase, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory. This review focused on the pathophysiology of AD followed by a detailed account on Asiatic acid and the research findings to date related to its mechanism of action on AD, advantage over other two terpenoid, BBB permeability, Pharmacokinetic, molecular docking and different therapeutic activities.