International Expansion of Indian Pharmaceutical Companies: Trends, Strategies, and Outlook

Authors

  • Singh Deeksha
  • Jadhav Diksha

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v13i6.1684

Abstract

The Indian pharmaceutical industry has rapidly grown from being a domestic generics supplier to a global healthcare contributor. Today, Indian companies supply nearly 20% of the world’s generic medicines and around 60% of vaccines, positioning the sector as a global lifeline. This paper reviews the industry’s expansion strategies, export trends, and future opportunities while highlighting regulatory hurdles, raw material dependencies, and the industry’s future lies in biosimilars, specialty medicines, and innovation-led growth.

 

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Singh Deeksha

Pravara Rural Education Society’s College of Pharmacy (For Women’s), Nashik, Maharashtra, India

Jadhav Diksha

Pravara Rural Education Society’s College of Pharmacy (For Women’s), Nashik, Maharashtra, India

References

Kumar, V., & Patel, M. Generic Drug Penetration in Africa. Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice, 2023; 16(1):1–12

Chaudhuri, S., & Banerjee, A. Export Dynamics in the Indian Pharmaceutical Sector. Journal of International Business Studies, 2022; 53(4):789–804

Joseph, R. K., Dhar, B., & Singh, A. A. (2019). FDI in R&D in India: An analysis of recent trends (ISID Working Paper No. 209). Institute for Studies in Industrial Development.

Patel, D., Singh, D. K., Patel, B., & Borkhataria, C. Impact and overview of track and trace system and serialization in pharmaceutical industry. Indian Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, 2021; 8(1):47-51.

KPMG. (2023). Supply Chains Post-COVID-19: Asia-Pacific Pharmaceuticals Overview. KPMG Asia Pacific.

Padmanabhan, R. Unleashing biotech’s crouching tiger. Nature Biotechnology, 2019; 37(7):699-704.

Selvaraj, S., Farooqui, H. H., Mehta, A., et al. (2022) Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice, 15, Article 68.

Mettl. (2023). India’s Graduate Skill Index 2023. Mercer | Mettl.

Indian Brand Equity Foundation. (2025, April). Pharmaceutical Exports from India.

India Brand Equity Foundation. (2024). Pharmaceutical Exports from India. IBEF.

Mane P. Global Biologics Market 2022. Altus Market Research; 2022.

KPMG India. (2022, April). Impact of the Pharma Industry on the Indian Economy in the Post-COVID Era. KPMG.

India, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers, Department of Pharmaceuticals. (2023). Boosting of Medical Devices Industry – Report 2023. Government of India

Chaudhuri, S. The Political Economy of Pharmaceutical Patent Protection. World Development, 2005; 33(2):239–253.

Lanjouw . J. O. The Introduction of Pharmaceutical Product Patents in India. Journal of International Economics, 1998; 45(1):97–123.

Berger, M. L., et al. Globalization of Pharmaceutical Markets. Health Affairs, 2004; 23(3):48–58

Gereffi, G. The Global Pharmaceutical Industry. Industry and Innovation, 2005; 12(2):153–176.

Kumar, S., et al. Generic Drug Competition in the US. Health Policy, 2011; 100(1):33–45.

Danzon, P. M., & Epstein, A. M. The Economics of Biosimilars. Health Affairs, 2008; 27(3):649–660.

Malpani, A., & Udupa, K. India’s Pharmaceutical R&D. Journal of Commercial Biotechnology, 2014; 20(1):12–20

Pisano, G. P. Science Business. Harvard Business Review, 2006; 84(10):114–125.

GaBI Journal. Biosimilars in Emerging Markets. Generics and Biosimilars Initiative Journal, 2020; 9(2):56–63.

Nature Biotechnology. Lipid Nanoparticles for RNA Delivery. 2019; 37(10):1109–1118.

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. (2021). AI in Drug Discovery.2021; 68(5):1422–1430

Kumar, V., & Singh, P. Globalization of Indian Pharmaceuticals: Trends and Strategies. Journal of International Business Studies, 2023; 54(2):245-263.

Chaudhuri, S., & Banerjee, A. (2022). Export Dynamics in the Indian Pharmaceutical Sector. Journal of International Business Studies, 2022; 53(4):789–804

Gupta, R., et al. M&A Strategies in Emerging Market Pharma. Harvard Business Review (Asia Pacific), 2023; 12(1):45–60.

PwC India. Pharma 2025: The Next Wave of Growth. PwC Research Report, 2023; 45–67.

McKinsey & Company. Value Creation in Pharma M&A. McKinsey Quarterly, 2022; 4:89–102.

Nature Biotechnology. AI in Drug Discovery: Case Studies from India. 2024; 32(3):210–225

Shah, R., et al. Global Generic Drug Market Dynamics: India’s Role. Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice, 2023; 16(1): 45–62.

López, M., & García, P. Pharmaceutical Market Trends in Latin America. Health Policy and Planning, 2024; 39(3):211–228.

World Health Organization. Global HIV/AIDS Treatment Access Report. WHO Bulletin, 2023; 101(5):345–360.

Sharma, P., & Gupta, V. Sun Pharma-Ranbaxy integration: A turnaround framework. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2016; 510(1):212-225.

Pisano, G. P. Science Business. Harvard Business Review, 2006; 84(10), 114–125

Rao, K., et al. (2023). Supply chain resilience in pharma M&A: Lessons from the 2022 API crisis. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 59(2), 34-51.

Patel, R., et al. Regulatory arbitrage in generic drug markets: A case study of EU’s revised GMP norms. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 2021; 20(5):389-401.

Jumper, J., Evans, R., Pritzel, A., et al. Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold. Nature, 2021; 596:583–589.

Rakholia, R., Suárez-Cetrulo, A. L., Singh, M., & Simón Carbajo, R. (2025). Integrating AI and IoT for Predictive Maintenance in Industry 4.0 Manufacturing Environments: A Practical Approach. Information, 16(9), Article 737.

Khangan, V. R., & Tiple, R. H. The Challenge of Counterfeit Medicine in Indian Market: A ComprehensiveReview. Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice, 2025; 18(4):352-361

Khan, M. A. A., Farooqui, H., & Sharma, S. (2024). Promoting local production and active pharmaceutical ingredients in India. Therapeutic Innovation & Regulatory Science.

Dwivedi, R., Agarwal, V., & Choudhury, P. (2023). Learning for Indian medical device ecosystem. Indian Journal of Medical Devices & Diagnostics [or similar journal].

Downloads

Published

2025-12-15

How to Cite

Singh Deeksha, & Jadhav Diksha. (2025). International Expansion of Indian Pharmaceutical Companies: Trends, Strategies, and Outlook. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 13(6), 241–251. https://doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v13i6.1684