THE Garlic (Allium sativum L.) – A Promising Anti-cancer Drug
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v9i3.932Keywords:
Oncologists, Garlic, Liliaceae, Allium sativum.Abstract
Globally cancer is the leading cause of death. The popular treatments in cancer therapies areradiation, surgery, chemo-therapy, involves high risk and expensive. The present day, modern cancer therapies are associated with several toxicities and lack of quality of life. Herbal remedies for cancer treatment are found notion to the Oncologists. Garlic known as Allium sativum (Family: Liliaceae), is one of the promising drug found to treat cancer patients and also to treat the toxicity effects produced by other cancer treatment. By consuming garlic regularly it shows protection to cancer and many ailments. Allicin is a major pharmacological component of garlic, reported to have anti-cancer properties and also used to treat drug-induced toxicity.
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References
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3. Siddik ZH, Mechanism of activity of cancer chemotherapeutic agent: DNA-interative alkylating agents and anti-tumor platinum-Based Drugs, 2005.
4. Anand P, Kunnumakkara AB, Kunnumakara AB, Sundaraam C, Harikurmar KB, Tharakan ST, Lai os, Sung B, Aggarwal BB, Cancer is a preventable disease that requires major life style changes. Pharmaceutical research, Sep-2008, 25(9): 2097-116
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6. Giorgi-Rennault S.; Renault J.; Baross M.J; Gebel-Servolles P.J Delie J.; Caros S.; Paolettic. Heterocyclic quinones XIII. Dimerization in the series of 5,8-quinazolinediones: synthesis and anti-tumor effects of bis(4-amino-5,8-quinazolinediones), Chem. pharm.1988, Dull. 36(10): 3933-3947
7. Lind M.J.; Principles of Cytotoxic Chemotherapy,2008, Medicine. 36(1): 19-23
8. Nitiss JL,.Targeting DNA topoisomerase II in cancer chemotherapy. Nature reviews. Cancer, may-2009. 9 (5): 338-50
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11. Parker WB, Enzymology of purine and pyrimidine anti-metabolites used in the treatment of Cancer. Chemical Reviews. 2009, 109 (7): 2880-93
12. Yue Qx, Lui x,Guo DA, Microtubule-binding natural products for Cancer therapy, Plantamedica. 2010, 76(11): 1037-43
13. Keglwieh, Peter, Hazai, Laszlo; Kalaus, Gyorgy; Szantay, Csaba, Modifications on the basic skeletons of vinblastine and vincristine molecules,2012, 17(5):5893-5914
14. Kristen Stewart, 6 herbs and spices for Cancer prevention, 2016.
15. C.K. Kokate, A.P. Puhorit, S.B. Gokhale, Pharmacognosy, 45th edition, Pg no: 1.51-1.52 (II).
16. Hirsch, K.; Danilenko. M. and Giat, J. “Effect of purified allicin, the major ingredient of freshly crushed garlic on cancer cell proliferation,.Nutr. Cancer, 2000, 38: 245-254
17. Yi L, Su Q. Molecular mechanisms for the anti-cancer effects of diallyl disulfide. Food ChemToxicol 2013, 57: 362-370
18. Choi YH, Park HS. Apoptosis induction of U937 human leukaemia cells by diallyltrisulfide induces through generation of reactive oxygen species. J. Biomed Sci, 2012; 19: 50-61
19. Ankri, S. and Mirelman, D., Anti-microbial properties of allicin from garlic microbes and infections, 1999, 1, PP: 125-129
20. Davis, S.R.; An overview of the anti-fungal properties of allicin and its breakdown products, the possibility of a safe and effective anti-fungal prophylactic mycoses, 2005, 48, PP. 95-100
21. Borek, C., Garlic reduced dementia and heart risk,the journal of nutrition.2006, 136, PP. 810S-812S
22. Ried, K. et al., Effects of garlic on blood pressure in patients with and without systolic hypertension: A meta-analysis, The Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 2008, 42, PP. 1766-1771.
23. Piscitelli, S.C., A.H. Bursteinn, N. Welden, K. D. Gallicana and J. Falloon, The effect of garlic supplements on the pharmacokinetics of saquinavir. Clinical infectious Diseases,2002, 34 (2): 234-238
24. Amagase, H., Clarifying the real bioactive constituents of garlic, Journal of Nutrition, 2006, 136(3): 716-725
25. Duraipandiyan, V., M. Ayyanar and S. ignacimuthu., Anti-microbial activity of some ethnomedicinal plants used by paliyar tribe from Tamil Nadu, India, BMC Complementary and Alternative medicine, 2006, 6:35-41
26. Crogg, G.M., D.G.I. Kingston and D.J. Newman. Anti-cancer agent from Natural Products. Routledge Psychology Press, 94 (21): 2005, 1648-1651
27. Ross, S.A., J.W. Finley and J.A. Milner, Allyl sulfur compounds from garlic molecule aberrant crypt formation. Journal of Nutrition, 2006, 136 (3): 852-854
28. Siegers, P.; Steffen, B.; Robke, A. and Pentz, R. The effects of garlic preparations against human tumor cell proliferation,Phytomedicine,1999, 6: 7-11.
29. Zheng, S.; Zhou, H.; Zhang, S. and Wang, X. Initial study on naturally occurring products from traditional Chinese herbs and vegetables for chemoprevention. J. Cell. Biochem. , 1997, 67: 106-112.
30. Kim, H.G.; Han, M.H.; Kim, G.Y.; Choi, Y.W. and Choi, Y.H. Hexane extracts of garlic cloves induce apoptosis through the generation of reactive oxygen species in He3B human hepatocarcinoma cells. Oncol. Rep., 2012, 5: 1757-1763.
31. Ling, H.; Wen, L.; Tang, Y.L. and He, J. Growth inhibitory effect and Chk 1-dependent signaling involved in G2/M arrest on human gastric cancer cells induced by diallyl disulfide. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res., 2010, 43: 271-278.
32. Kim, Y.A.; Xiao, D.; Xiao, H. and Powolny, A.A. Mitochondria-mediated apoptosis by diallyltrisulfide in human prostate cancer cells is associated with generation of reactive oxygen species and regulated by Bax/Bak. Mol. Cancer Ther.,2007, 6: 1599-1609.
33. Shirin, H.; Pinto, J.T.; Kawabata, Y. and Soh, J.W. Anti-proliferative effects of S- allylmercaptocysteine on colon cancer cells when tested alone or in combination with sulindac sulfide. Cancer Res., 2001, 61: 725-731.
34. Demeule, M.; Nakamura, K.; Motoya, T.; Nakamura, S.; Shinmura, R.; Miwa, K.; Ishibashi, M. and Nagata, Y. Prevention of stomatitis induced by anti-cancer drugs. GanTo Kagaku Ryoho, 1989, 16: 3449-3451.
35. Fleischauer, A.T. and L. Arab, Garlic and Cancer. A critical review of the epidemiologic literature. Journal of Nutrition, 2001, 131(3): 1032-1040
36. Ghalambor, A. and M.H. Pipelzadeh, Clinical study on the efficacy of orally administered crushed fresh garlic in controlling Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in burn patients with varying burn degrees. Journal of Microbiology. 2009, 2 (1): 7-13
37. Chan, J. M., F. Wang and E. A. Holly, Vegetable and fruit intake and pancreatic cancer in a population-based case-control study in the San Francisco bay area. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention,2005,14(9):2093-2097.
38. Omar, S.H. and N.A.A. Wabel, Organosulfur compounds and possible mechanism of garlic in cancer. Saudi Pharmacology, 2010, 18(1): 51-58
39. Trio, P.Z., You, S.; He, X.; He, J.; Sakao, K. and Hou, D.X. Chemopreventive functions and molecular mechanisms of garlic organosulfur compounds. Food funct., 2014, 5:833-844
40. Sumiyoshi H, Wargovich MJ Chemoprevention of 2-dimethyl hydrazine induced colon cancer in mice by naturally occurring organosulfur compounds. Cancer Res, 1990, 50: 5084-5087
41. Tadi PP, Lau AH, Teel RW, Herrmann CE Binding of aflatoxin B1 to DNA inhibited by ajoene and diallyl sulfide. Anti-cancer Res,1991, 11:2037-2041
42. Wallace GC, Haar CP, Vandergrift WA, Giglio P, Dixon-Mah YN, et al. Multi-targeted DATS prevents tumor progression and promotes apoptosis in ectopic glioblastoma xenografts in SCID mice via HDAC inhibition. J Neurooncol,2013, 114: 43-50
43. Tsubura A, Lai YC, Kuwata M, Uehara N, Yoshizawa K , Anti-cancer effects of garlic and garlic-derived compounds for breast cancer control. Anti-cancer agents Med Chem2011, 11: 249-253
44. Gonzalez FJ, Human cytochrome P450: possible roles of drug-metabolizing enzymes and polymorphic drug oxidation in addiction. NIDA Res Monogr, 1991, 111: 202-213
45. Pandrangi A, Cancer Chemoprevention by Garlic – A Review,2015, vol 2 P:2
46. Reicks MM, Crank saw DL, Modulation of rat hepatic cytochrome P-450 activity by garlic organosulfur compounds. Nutr Cancer,1994, 25: 241-248.
47. Yang CS, Wang ZY, Hong JY, Inhibition of tumorigenesis by chemicals from garlic and tea. AdvExp Med Biol 1994, 354: 113-122.
48. Brady JF, Li DC, Ishizaki H, Yang CS.Effect of diallyl sulfide on rat liver microsomal nitrosamine metabolism and other monooxygenase activities. Cancer Res,1988, 48: 5937-5940.
49. Brady JF, Li DC, Ishizaki H, Yang CS, Effect of diallyl sulfide on rat liver microsomal nitrosamine metabolism and other monooxygenase activities. Cancer Res, 1988, 48: 5937-5940.
50. Brady JF, Ishizaki H, Fukuto JM, Lin MC, Fadel A, et al. Inhibition of cytochrome P-450 2E1 by diallyl sulfide and its metabolites. Chem Res Toxicol, 1991, 4: 642-647.
51. Le Bon AM, Roy C, Dupont C, Suschetet M In vivo antigenotoxic effects of dietary allyl sulfides in the rat. Cancer Lett, 1997, 114: 131-134.
52. Davenport DM, Wargovich MJ, Modulation of cytochrome P450 enzymes by organosulfur compounds from garlic. Food ChemToxicol, 2005, 43: 1753-1762.
53. Sparnins VL, Barany G, Wattenberg LW, Effects of organosulfur compounds from garlic and onions on benzo[a]pyrene-induced neoplasia and glutathione S- transferase activity in the mouse. Carcinogenesis, 1988, 9: 131–134.
54. Hu X, Benson PJ, Srivastava SK, Mack LM, Xia H, et al. Glutathione S-transferases of female A/J mouse liver and fore stomach and their differential induction by anti-carcinogenic organosulfides from garlic. Arch BiochemBiophys, 1996, 336: 199-214.
55. Hu X, Singh SV, Glutathione S-transferases of female A/J mouse lung and their induction by anticarcinogenicorganosulfides from garlic. Arch BiochemBiophys, 1997, 340: 279-286.
56. Hu X, Benson PJ, Srivastava SK, Xia H, Bleicher RJ, et al. Induction of glutathione S-transferase pi as a bioassay for the evaluation of potency of inhibitors of benzo (a) pyrene-induced cancer in a murine model. Int J Cancer,1997, 73: 897-902.
57. Andorfer JH, Tchaikovskaya T, Listowsky I, Selective expression of glutathione S- transferase genes in the murine gastrointestinal tract in response to dietary organosulfur compounds,.Carcinogenesis, 2004, 25: 359-367.
58. Hayes JD, Pulford DJ, The glutathione S-transferase supergene family: regulation of GST and the contribution of the isoenzymes to cancer chemo protection and drug resistance. Crit Rev BiochemMolBiol,1995, 30: 445-600.
59. Tadi PP, Teel RW, Lau BH, Organosulfur compounds of garlic modulate mutagenesis, metabolism, and DNA binding of aflatoxin B1.Nutr Cancer, 1991, 15: 87-95.
60. Sparnins VL, Mott AW, Barany G, Wattenberg LW, Effects of allyl methyl trisulfide on glutathione S-transferase activity and BP-induced neoplasia in the mouse. Nutr Cancer, 1986, 8: 211-215.
61. Sparnins VL, Barany G, Wattenberg LW, Effects of organosulfur compounds from garlic and onions on benzo[a]pyrene-induced neoplasia and glutathione S-transferase activity in the mouse. Carcinogenesis, 1988, 9: 131-134.
62. Sumiyoshi H, Wargovich MJ, Chemoprevention of, 2- di-methyl hydrazine-induced colon cancer in mice by naturally occurring organosulfur compounds. Cancer Res, 1990, 50: 5084-5087.
63. Reddy BS, Rao CV, Rivenson A, Kelloff G, Chemoprevention of colon carcinogenesis by organosulfur compounds. Cancer Res,1993, 53: 3493-3498.
64. Hatono S, Jimenez A, Wargovich MJ, Chemopreventive effect of S-allylcysteine and its relationship to the detoxification enzyme glutathione S-transferase.Carcinogenesis., 1996, 17: 1041-1044.
65. Guyonnet D, Belloir C, Suschetet M, Siess MH, Le Bon AM, Antimutagenic activity of organosulfur compounds from Allium is associated with phase II enzyme induction. Mutat Res, 2001, 495: 135-145.
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Published
2021-06-15
How to Cite
Venkatesh, S., Aleem Ullah, A., Owaisuddin, M., Bolledu, R., & Kiran, A. R. (2021). THE Garlic (Allium sativum L.) – A Promising Anti-cancer Drug. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 9(3), 154–159. https://doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v9i3.932
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Review Articles
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